Civil litigation is the process of bringing a legal claim against another person or business in order to recover damages for harm that has been caused. In most cases, civil litigation will take the form of a lawsuit, which is filed in court by the injured party. The lawsuit will allege that the defendant (the person or business being sued) is responsible for the damages, and will ask the court to award a financial judgment in favor of the plaintiff. If the case goes to trial, a judge or jury will ultimately decide who is liable and how much money should be awarded. In some cases, however, the parties may choose to settle their case out of court. This can often be an expeditious and cost-effective way to resolve a dispute without having to go through the formal litigation process.
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